thời gian thực để giảm thiểu tác động của sự gián đoạn chuỗi cung ứng, có nghĩa là chi phí-hiệu quả, nhanh chóng, đáng tin cậy, và gần như miễn phí lỗi SC hoạt động. Việc tự động hóa quy trình kinh doanh quan trọng (năng lực cốt lõi) nên được thực hiện sau khi cải thiện như-là quá trình bằng cách loại bỏ hoạt động nonvalue, đơn giản hóa và tinh giản quy trình | 372 Sabri real time to minimize the impact of disruptions on the supply chain which means cost-effective speedy reliable and almost-error-free SC activities. The automation of critical core competency business processes should be done after improving the as-is process by eliminating nonvalue activities simplifying and streamlining processes and removing barriers disconnects between processes or functions. This means the automation should be done for the redesigned modified to-be process and the software needs to be customized to follow and support the process to maintain the competitive advantage. On the other hand automating noncore competency processes can be done by either using out-of-the-box work flows provided by software companies by which such processes are changed accordingly no value in tailoring the software to fit the process or by outsourcing the management of these processes to a third party. A good example of work-flow automation is the application of electronic exchange portals in the area of procurement such as Covisint for the automobile industry e2open for the electronics industry and Transora for the grocery industry. Level 3 Integrated SC Planning The integrated-SC-planning level allows companies to respond quickly and effectively to unplanned supply and demand events that may disrupt information and material flow in the supply chain as one unit. It allows a company to plan based on real-time execution data and execute based on an up-to-date plan. Integrated SC planning provides a process-centric view coordinating different business subprocesses like product introduction forecasting replenishment manufacturing fulfillment and procurement with suppliers and customers while enabling event management. For example it supports event-triggered planning and replanning. This level blends information gathered from users using collaboration in Level 2 and multiple transactions and planning systems to allow the exchange of knowledge by the SC partners and
