Tham khảo tài liệu 'kaplan toefl ibt fourth edition part 48', ngoại ngữ, toefl - ielts - toeic phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Hidden page 522 I TOEFL iBT Reason for the passive voice Examples passive verb in italics 1. The actor is unknown x unimportant 2. The actcr ts assumed or already mentioned. 3. Thc emphasis is co the rawer not actor. 4 lhe paragraph needs va ty and style. The third reason is often a resiA of either the first and or second. The emphasis is Sometimes Placed on the receiver because the actor is unknown y assumed. In the example the receivers e contrasted so the main dea requires the passive wee. 1. If an object is dropped from a great hetght. it wll reach a speed of 100 km hr in less than three seconds. 2. In my city the mail is delivered every day between Monday and Friday. 3. Although the actse voice is better the pass we voice must be used sometimes. 4. The president can veto any law that Congress writes Congress can reaitrcduce the law as often as it wants However. if a law is vetoed Congress usual edxs or alters it before introducing again. In the first example the actor is irrelevant to the main idea of the sentence. The sentence could be rewritten in the active voice with a subject such as someone or a person if a person drops an object from a great height. but that wouldn t improve the sentence s clarity so it would be unnecessary. In the second example the unmetilioned actor mailcarrier can be assumed based on the subject mail and the verb. People who perform very specific tasks are commonly assumed tor the same reason such as fire fighters bus drivers police officers and doctor fcurgeons. In the third example the two possible voices in English are compared so using the passive is more direct since it keeps the focus or emphasis on the voices. Rewriting the sentence actively is possible but it would require more words and more repetition for example writers and iw Although it rs better for writers to use he ucfrve voice. writers must use the passive voice sometimes. Finally the fourth example uses the passive voice in order to avoid repeating the word order .
