Handbook of Algorithms for Physical Design Automation part 82 provides a detailed overview of VLSI physical design automation, emphasizing state-of-the-art techniques, trends and improvements that have emerged during the previous decade. After a brief introduction to the modern physical design problem, basic algorithmic techniques, and partitioning, the book discusses significant advances in floorplanning representations and describes recent formulations of the floorplanning problem. The text also addresses issues of placement, net layout and optimization, routing multiple signal nets, manufacturability, physical synthesis, special nets, and designing for specialized technologies. It includes a personal perspective from Ralph Otten as he looks back on. | 792 Handbook of Algorithms for Physical Design Automation . timing noise power . These factors have led to strong recent academic and industrial efforts in manufacturability-aware routing. In general routing consists of two steps global routing and detailed routing. Global routing plans an approximate path for each net while detailed routing finalizes the exact design rule checker DRC -compatible pin-to-pin connections 8 . Track routing as an intermediate step between global and detailed routing can expedite detailed routing by embedding major trunks from each net within a panel a row column of global routing cells in DRC-friendly manner 9 . Manufacturability-aware routing can be accomplished at any stage ofrouting system if proper manufacturing model is available and the approaches can be roughly classified into two groups rule-based and model-based. The rule-based approach imposes additional manufacturability-driven design rules on a router to avoid manufacturability-unfriendly patterns. The model-based approach utilizes some models to estimate the manufacturability effects to guide router. There are pros and cons for both the rule-based and the model-based approaches in terms of runtime scalability implementation and controllability. This chapter surveys recent practices and researches on manufacturability-aware routing. Before discussing key techniques the major manufacturability challenges for advanced technologies is discussed in Section . Then we compare the pros and cons of the rule-based and model-based approaches in Section . In practice both approaches are used where the model-based approach can be used for optimization and the required rules must be satisfied in particular at the detailed routing stage. Section then goes into details of various key aspects of manufacturability-aware routing optimizations including CMP-aware routing random defect-aware routing lithography-aware routing etc. Section discusses techniques for dealing .
