Microbes and Metabolism Vì vậy, cơ bản là các khái niệm về sự phát triển của tế bào và khả năng chuyển hóa toàn bộ công nghệ sinh học môi trường và đặc biệt là khắc phục hậu quả, chương này là dành riêng cho thăm dò của họ. Con đường chuyển hóa (Michal 1992) liên kết với nhau để sản xuất những gì có thể phát triển thành một mạng lưới phức tạp lạ thường, liên quan đến nhiều cấp độ kiểm soát. Tuy nhiên, về cơ bản về sự tương tác của chu kỳ tự nhiên và đại. | 2 Microbes and Metabolism So fundamental are the concepts of cell growth and metabolic capability to the whole of environmental biotechnology and especially to remediation that this chapter is dedicated to their exploration. Metabolic pathways Michal 1992 are interlinked to produce what can develop into an extraordinarily complicated network involving several levels of control. However they are fundamentally about the interaction of natural cycles and represent the biological element of the natural geobiological cycles. These impinge on all aspects of the environment both living and nonliving. Using the carbon cycle as an example carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is returned by dissolution in rainwater and also by the process of photosynthesis to produce sugars which are eventually metabolised to liberate the carbon once more. In addition to constant recycling through metabolic pathways carbon is also sequestered in living and nonliving components such as in trees in the relatively short term and deep ocean systems or ancient deposits such as carbonaceous rocks in the long term. Cycles which involve similar principles of incorporation into biological molecules and subsequent re-release into the environment operate for nitrogen phosphorus and sulphur. All of these overlap in some way to produce the metabolic pathways responsible for the synthesis and degradation of biomolecules. Superimposed is an energy cycle ultimately driven by the sun and involving constant consumption and release of metabolic energy. To appreciate the biochemical basis and underlying genetics of environmental biotechnology at least an elementary grasp of molecular biology is required. For the benefit of readers unfamiliar with these disciplines background information is incorporated in appropriate figures. The Immobilisation Degradation or Monitoring of Pollutants from a Biological Origin Removal of a material from an environment takes one of two routes it is either degraded or immobilised by a
