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Physics, Pharmacology and Physiology for Anaesthetists - 3

Blood: hệ số khí hòa tan Tỷ lệ số tiền chất hiện diện trong giai đoạn khối lượng bằng máu và khí đốt trong một hệ thống khép kín ở trạng thái cân bằng và ở nhiệt độ và áp suất tiêu chuẩn. | Solubility and diffusion Henry s law The amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the liquid. Graham s law The rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular weight. Rate 1 pMW Fick s law of diffusion The rate of diffusion of a gas across a membrane is proportional to the membrane area A and the concentration gradient C1 - C2 across the membrane and inversely proportional to its thickness D . Rate of diffusion AÍC d C2 Blood gas solubility coefficient The ratio of the amount of substance present in equal volume phases of blood and gas in a closed system at equilibrium and at standard temperature and pressure. Oil gas solubility coefficient The ratio of the amount of substance present in equal volume phases of oil and gas in a closed system at equilibrium and at standard temperature and pressure. Bunsen solubility coefficient The volume of gas corrected to standard temperature and pressure that dissolves in one unit volume of liquid at the temperature concerned where the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid is one atmosphere. Solubility and diffusion 39 Ostwald solubility coefficient The volume of gas that dissolves in one unit volume of liquid at the temperature concerned. The Ostwald solubility coefficient is therefore independent of the partial pressure. Osmosis and colligative properties Osmole One osmole is an amount of particles equal to Avogadro s number 6.02 X 1023 . Osmolarity The amount of osmotically active particles present per litre of solution mmol.l 1 . Osmolality The amount of osmotically active particles present per kilogram of solvent mmol.kg 1 . Osmotic pressure The pressure exerted within a sealed system of solution in response to the presence of osmotically active particles on one side of a semipermeable membrane kPa . One osmole of solute exerts a pressure of 101.325 kPa when dissolved in 22.4 L of solvent at 0 C. .