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báo cáo khoa học: "Epigenomics of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells: insights into pluripotency and implications for disease"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Epigenomics of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells: insights into pluripotency and implications for disease | Rada-Iglesias and Wysocka Genome Medicine 2011 3 36 http genomemedicine.eom content 3 6 36 w Genome Medicine REVIEW L_ Epigenomics of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells insights into pluripotency and implications for disease Alvaro Rada-Iglesias1 and Joanna Wysocka 1-2 Abstract Human pluripotent cells such as human embryonic stem cells hESCs and induced pluripotent stem cells iPSCs and their in vitro differentiation models hold great promise for regenerative medicine as they provide both a model for investigating mechanisms underlying human development and disease and a potential source of replacement cells in cellular transplantation approaches. The remarkable developmental plasticity of pluripotent cells is reflected in their unique chromatin marking and organization patterns or epigenomes. Pluripotent cell epigenomes must organize genetic information in a way that is compatible with both the maintenance of selfrenewal programs and the retention of multilineage differentiation potential. In this review we give a brief overview of the recent technological advances in genomics that are allowing scientists to characterize and compare epigenomes of different cell types at an unprecedented scale and resolution. We then discuss how utilizing these technologies for studies of hESCs has demonstrated that certain chromatin features including bivalent promoters poised enhancers and unique DNA modification patterns are particularly pervasive in hESCs compared with differentiated cell types. We outline these unique characteristics and discuss the extent to which they are recapitulated in iPSCs. Finally we envision broad applications of epigenomics in characterizing the quality and differentiation potential of individual pluripotent lines and we discuss how epigenomic profiling of regulatory elements in hESCs iPSCs and their derivatives can improve our understanding of complex human diseases and their underlying genetic variants. .