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Mobile Robots -Towards New Applications 2008 Part 9

Tham khảo tài liệu 'mobile robots -towards new applications 2008 part 9', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Underwater Robots Part I Current Systems and Problem Pose. 311 2.1 The industry The biggest private users are the Gas and Oil companies that represent 58 of the offshore industry. 83 of its activity is taking place in water depths less than 300m while the remainder is focused in the deep-water areas. As oil demand is increasing this ratio will change with exploitation moving into ever-deeper waters Whitcomb 2000 . Most of the currently used vehicles are Remotely Operated Vehicles ROVs designed to perform subsea inspection construction and repair operations. A ROV is teleoperated through an umbilical link real-time connected to the operator and has to be able to autonomously reach a desired location search and lock onto a target on which the operator will perform manipulation drilling welding configuring wellhead valve plugging cables AUVs are involved in pipe inspection terrain bathymetry and acoustic sediment analysis for pipeline installation and prospection for new oil and gas fields. Fig. 2. Underwater crawler vehicle being launched National Institute of Ocean Technology India. Non-living resource extraction is a major challenge for the next decade. For example it is estimated that there are about 2 000 billion tons of manganese nodules on the floor of the Pacific Ocean near the Hawaiian Islands Yuh 2000 waiting for exploitation by Ocean Mining industries. The need is mostly similar to the oil and gas companies except that the raw material dispersion requires the collector to move. This is a major problem and the actual technology does not yet provide a cost-effective solution that could allow for a generalized commercial exploitation. The present solutions propose heavy caterpillarvehicles teleoperated from the mother ship. This represents 10 of the global offshore industrial activity and ocean mining is expected to be a growth area as the technologies are developed to harvest these products from the sea Danson 2002 . Telecomunication is another sector of the