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Lecture Introduction to Computers: Chapter 5B - Peter Norton's

Chapter 5B - Modern CPUs. This lesson looks at the processors most commonly found in personal computers and describes some of their most important features and distinguishing characteristics. You w ill learn how these CPUs arc typically differentiated from one another and sec how their performance is measured. You also w ill learn some of the ways you can extend the power of your PC’s processor to other components by using its expansion capabilities. | McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 5B Modern CPUs A Look Inside The Processor Architecture Determines Location of CPU parts Bit size Number of registers Pipelines Main difference between CPUs Teaching tip Bit size tends to confuse students. A simple example clarifies the importance of bit size. Consider two equal computers, one has a 32-bit processor, the other a 64 bit processor. With all other items equal, the 64-bit processor will handle twice the data the 32 bit processor handles. This is like driving a car at 55 Mph then doubling it to 110 Mph. Microcomputer Processors Intel Leading manufacturer of processors Intel 4004 was worlds first microprocessor IBM PC powered by Intel 8086 Current processors Centrino Itanium Pentium IV Xeon Teaching Tip Table 5B.1 on page 208 lists several of Intel’s modern processors. A new addition is the Centrino Mobile processor family, designed for laptops with wireless connections. Microcomputer Processors Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) Main competitor to Intel Originally produced budget products Current products outperform Intel Current processors Sempron Athlon FX 64 Athlon XP Teaching Tip Table 5B.2 on page 209 lists most of the modern AMD processors. A new addition is the Sempron processor, aimed at beating the Intel Celeron and Centrino Mobile processors. Microcomputer Processors Freescale A subsidiary of Motorola Co-developed the Apple G4 PowerPC Currently focuses on the Linux market Microcomputer Processors IBM Historically manufactured mainframes Partnered with Apple to develop G5 First consumer 64 bit chip Comparing Processors Speed of processor Size of cache Number of registers Bit size Speed of Front side bus Teaching Tip Table 5B.3 on page 210 lists the specifications for three powerful processors. Advanced Processor Topics RISC processors Reduced Instruction Set Computing Smaller instruction sets May process data faster PowerPC and G5 . | McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 5B Modern CPUs A Look Inside The Processor Architecture Determines Location of CPU parts Bit size Number of registers Pipelines Main difference between CPUs Teaching tip Bit size tends to confuse students. A simple example clarifies the importance of bit size. Consider two equal computers, one has a 32-bit processor, the other a 64 bit processor. With all other items equal, the 64-bit processor will handle twice the data the 32 bit processor handles. This is like driving a car at 55 Mph then doubling it to 110 Mph. Microcomputer Processors Intel Leading manufacturer of processors Intel 4004 was worlds first microprocessor IBM PC powered by Intel 8086 Current processors Centrino Itanium Pentium IV Xeon Teaching Tip Table 5B.1 on page 208 lists several of Intel’s modern processors. A new addition is the Centrino Mobile processor family, designed for laptops with wireless .