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Lecture Math for the pharmacy technician: Concepts and calculations: Chapter 7 – Lynn M. Egler, Kathryn A. Booth

Chapter 7, Oral medications and parenteral dosages, discusses tablets and capsules in depth and gives information about breaking or crushing them. Liquid oral medications are also discussed. Chapter 7 applies techniques learned in Chapter 6 to calculations of parenteral dosages, emphasizing injectable medications. The chapter concludes with a look at other medication routes such as eye and ear drops, inhalants, rectal and vaginal medications, transdermal systems, and topical medications. | Math for the Pharmacy Technician: Concepts and Calculations Chapter 7: Oral Medications and Parenteral Dosages Egler • Booth Oral Medications and Parenteral Dosages 7- Learning Objectives Distinguish between different types of oral medications. Recognize the types of solid oral medications that may not be altered by crushing or opening them. Calculate the amount of a parenteral medication to administer. When you have successfully completed Chapter 7, you will have mastered skills to be able to: 7- Learning Objectives (con’t) Select the appropriate syringe. Correctly reconstitute powdered medications. Calculate the amount of reconstituted medications to administer. Accurately calculate doses of inhalant, rectal, and transdermal medications. Identify errors that occur in calculating and preparing parenteral doses. Calculate estimated days supply. 7- Introduction You will learn to apply the simple calculation methods learned in Chapter 6 to oral dosages, including solids and | Math for the Pharmacy Technician: Concepts and Calculations Chapter 7: Oral Medications and Parenteral Dosages Egler • Booth Oral Medications and Parenteral Dosages 7- Learning Objectives Distinguish between different types of oral medications. Recognize the types of solid oral medications that may not be altered by crushing or opening them. Calculate the amount of a parenteral medication to administer. When you have successfully completed Chapter 7, you will have mastered skills to be able to: 7- Learning Objectives (con’t) Select the appropriate syringe. Correctly reconstitute powdered medications. Calculate the amount of reconstituted medications to administer. Accurately calculate doses of inhalant, rectal, and transdermal medications. Identify errors that occur in calculating and preparing parenteral doses. Calculate estimated days supply. 7- Introduction You will learn to apply the simple calculation methods learned in Chapter 6 to oral dosages, including solids and liquids. Follow the method of calculation that you have chosen by following the color coded examples. Remember that excellence is a must with dosage calculations. 7- Tablets and Capsules Solid oral medications come in several forms: Tablets Caplets Capsules 7- Tablets Most common form of solid oral medications Combines with inactive ingredients Forms a solid disk or cylinder to be swallowed sublingual buccal chewable dissolve in water 7- Caplets Oval-shaped Special coating -- easier to swallow Caplet 7- Capsules Oval-shaped gelatin shells Contain medication in powder or granule form The shell is usually two pieces that fit together The shell can be separated to remove the medication when the patient cannot swallow a pill 7- Gelcaps Usually a liquid medication in a gelatin shell Not designed to be opened 7- Scored Tablets Scoring allows the tablet to be divided when smaller doses are ordered Most often, scored tablets divide into halves Some divide into thirds .