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Ebook Physics for scientists and engineers: Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Physics for scientists and engineers" has contents: Electric charges and electric field; gauss’s law; capacitance, dielectrics, electric energy storage; electric currents and resistance; magnetism; electromagnetic induction and faraday’s law;.and other contents. | CHAPTER 21: Electric Charges and Electric Field Responses to Questions 1. Rub a glass rod with silk and use it to charge an electroscope. The electroscope will end up with a net positive charge. Bring the pocket comb close to the electroscope. If the electroscope leaves move farther apart, then the charge on the comb is positive, the same as the charge on the electroscope. If the leaves move together, then the charge on the comb is negative, opposite the charge on the electroscope. 2. The shirt or blouse becomes charged as a result of being tossed about in the dryer and rubbing against the dryer sides and other clothes. When you put on the charged object (shirt), it causes charge separation within the molecules of your skin (see Figure 21-9), which results in attraction between the shirt and your skin. 3. Fog or rain droplets tend to form around ions because water is a polar molecule, with a positive region and a negative region. The charge centers on the water molecule will be attracted to the ions (positive to negative). 4. See also Figure 21-9 in the text. The negatively charged electrons in the paper are attracted to the positively charged rod and move towards it within their molecules. The attraction occurs because the negative charges in the paper are closer to the positive rod than are the positive charges in the paper, and therefore the attraction between the unlike charges is greater than the repulsion between the like charges. - + +++++++ - + - + - + 5. A plastic ruler that has been rubbed with a cloth is charged. When brought near small pieces of paper, it will cause separation of charge in the bits of paper, which will cause the paper to be attracted to the ruler. On a humid day, polar water molecules will be attracted to the ruler and to the separated charge on the bits of paper, neutralizing the charges and thus eliminating the attraction. 6. The net charge on a conductor is the difference between the total positive charge and the .