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Lecture AP Biology - Chapter 20: Biotechnology

After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Describe the natural function of restriction enzymes and explain how they are used in recombinant DNA technology; outline the procedures for cloning a eukaryotic gene in a bacterial plasmid; define and distinguish between genomic libraries using plasmids, phages, and cDNA;. | CH. 20 WARM-UP Share 3 things you are grateful for. Use your textbook (Ch. 20) to answer the following review questions. What is recombinant DNA? What are plasmids? What are restriction enzymes (RE)? When DNA is cut using an RE, describe the ends of the DNA fragments. WARM-UP A bacterial plasmid is 100 kb in length. The plasmid DNA was digested to completion with 2 restriction enzymes in 3 separate treatments: EcoRI, HaeIII, and EcoRI + HaeIII (double-digest). The fragments were separated by gel electrophoresis below. Draw a circle to represent the plasmid. On the circle, construct a labeled diagram of the restriction map of the plasmid. WARM-UP Describe how a plasmid can be genetically modified to include a piece of foreign DNA that alters the phenotype of bacterial cells transformed with the modified plasmid. How can a genetically modified organism provide a benefit for humans and at the same time pose a threat to a population or ecosystem? BIOTECHNOLOGY CHAPTER 20 CHAPTER 20: TERMS TO KNOW Genetic engineering Biotechnology Recombinant DNA Gene cloning Plasmid Restriction enzymes Sticky ends DNA ligase Cloning vector Nucleic acid hybridization PCR Gel electrophoresis RFLPs Genomic library cDNA library DNA microarray assays SNPs Stem cells Gene therapy Transgenic animals GMO (genetically modified organism) WHAT YOU MUST KNOW: The terminology of biotechnology. How plasmids are used in bacterial transformation to clone genes. The key ideas that make PCR possible and applications of this technology. How gel electrophoresis can be used to separate DNA fragments or protein molecules. Information that can be determined from DNA gel results, such as fragment sizes and RFLP analysis. Genetic Engineering: process of manipulating genes and genomes Biotechnology: process of manipulating organisms or their components for the purpose of making useful products. Recombinant DNA: DNA that has been artificially made, using DNA from different sources eg. Human gene inserted into . | CH. 20 WARM-UP Share 3 things you are grateful for. Use your textbook (Ch. 20) to answer the following review questions. What is recombinant DNA? What are plasmids? What are restriction enzymes (RE)? When DNA is cut using an RE, describe the ends of the DNA fragments. WARM-UP A bacterial plasmid is 100 kb in length. The plasmid DNA was digested to completion with 2 restriction enzymes in 3 separate treatments: EcoRI, HaeIII, and EcoRI + HaeIII (double-digest). The fragments were separated by gel electrophoresis below. Draw a circle to represent the plasmid. On the circle, construct a labeled diagram of the restriction map of the plasmid. WARM-UP Describe how a plasmid can be genetically modified to include a piece of foreign DNA that alters the phenotype of bacterial cells transformed with the modified plasmid. How can a genetically modified organism provide a benefit for humans and at the same time pose a threat to a population or ecosystem? BIOTECHNOLOGY CHAPTER 20 CHAPTER 20: TERMS