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Lecture AP Biology - Chapter 56: Conservation biology and global change

This chapter distinguish between conservation biology and restoration biology, list the three major threats to biodiversity and give an example of each, define and compare the small-population approach and the declining-population approach, distinguish between the total population size and the effective population size. | Ch. 56 Warm-Up How does acid precipitation affect the environment? Explain how the greenhouse effect can be both positive and negative. Should humans be concerned about biological magnification? Explain. Define Ch. 56 Terms: Eutrophication Biological magnification Greenhouse effect Global warming Acid precipitation Chapter 56: Conservation Biology and Global Change What you need to know: The value of biodiversity, and the major human threats to it. How human activity is changing the earth Biodiversity Conservation biology is a goal-oriented science that seeks to counter the biodiversity crisis, the current rapid decrease in Earth’s variety of life. Extinction is a natural phenomenon that has been occurring since life evolved on earth. The current rate of extinction is what underlies the biodiversity crisis. A high rate of species extinction is being caused by humans. The three levels of biodiversity: genetic diversity species diversity ecosystem diversity The four major threats to biodiversity: Habitat loss Human alteration of habitat is the single greatest threat to biodiversity Introduced species: invasive/nonnative/exotic species Overexploitation: harvest wild plants/animals Global change: alter climate, atmosphere, & ecological systems reduce Earth’s capacity to sustain life Movement corridors can promote dispersal if habitats are fragmented Landscape conservation Biodiversity Hot Spots Excess nitrogen from agriculture enters aquatic ecosystems Algae and bacteria bloom/die reduce oxygen fish and invertebrates die Eutrophication Mississippi basin dead zone (red) Acid Precipitation Rain, snow, or fog with a pH less than 5.6 Caused by burning of wood & fossil fuels release sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides React with water in the atmosphere to produce sulfuric and nitric acids The effects of acid precipitation on a forest Acid rain damage to statuary, 1908 & 1968 Toxins become more concentrated in successive trophic levels of a food web Toxins can’t be . | Ch. 56 Warm-Up How does acid precipitation affect the environment? Explain how the greenhouse effect can be both positive and negative. Should humans be concerned about biological magnification? Explain. Define Ch. 56 Terms: Eutrophication Biological magnification Greenhouse effect Global warming Acid precipitation Chapter 56: Conservation Biology and Global Change What you need to know: The value of biodiversity, and the major human threats to it. How human activity is changing the earth Biodiversity Conservation biology is a goal-oriented science that seeks to counter the biodiversity crisis, the current rapid decrease in Earth’s variety of life. Extinction is a natural phenomenon that has been occurring since life evolved on earth. The current rate of extinction is what underlies the biodiversity crisis. A high rate of species extinction is being caused by humans. The three levels of biodiversity: genetic diversity species diversity ecosystem diversity The four major threats to .