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Ebook Breast cancer - Diagnostic imaging and therapeutic guidance: Part 2

Part 2 book “Breast cancer - Diagnostic imaging and therapeutic guidance” has contents: Imaging of breast lesions, breast intervention, surgical treatment of breast carcinoma, examination concepts, medical treatment of breast cancer, radiotherapy of breast cancer, management of a diagnostic breast center, and other contents. | Imaging of Breast Lesions 8 Imaging of Breast Lesions U. Fischer and S. Luftner-Nagel 8.1 Benign Findings 8.1.2 Inflamed Cysts 8.1.1 Cysts The inflamed cyst is a simple cyst with inflamed—and thus hyperemic—cyst walls. The simple cyst is a fluid-filled cavity with a lining consisting of an inner epithelial layer and an outer myoepithelial layer. ▶ Characteristics ● Incidence: very common. ● Peak age: all age groups; incidence decreases after menopause. ● Multifocality: frequent. ● Bilateral occurrence: frequent. ● Complications: none. ● Risk of malignancy: less than 1%. ● Prognosis: excellent. ● Histological classification after biopsy: B2. ▶ Implications for work-up/treatment. None if symptom-free. If there is pain, ultrasound-guided cyst aspiration, preferably by fine needle, may be performed. 8 ▶ Shape. Round, oval. ▶ Characteristics ● Incidence: rare. ● Peak age: all age groups; incidence decreases after menopause. ● Multifocality: rare. ● Bilateral occurrence: rare. ● Complications: occasional pain. ● Risk of malignancy: less than 1%. ● Prognosis: excellent. ● Histological classification after biopsy: B2. ▶ Implications for work-up/treatment. None if symptom-free. If there is pain, ultrasound-guided cyst aspiration, preferably by fine needle, may be performed. ▶ Shape. Round, oval. ▶ Margins. Predominantly circumscribed, occasionally slightly indistinct. ▶ Margins. Circumscribed. ▶ Internal composition. Homogeneous fluid. ▶ Internal composition. Homogeneous fluid. ▶ Clinical findings. Small cysts normally have no correlative clinical findings. In the case of larger cysts, a circumscribed, firm-elastic mass may be palpable. Occasionally there is tenderness. ▶ Clinical findings. Small cysts normally have no correlative clinical findings. In the case of larger cysts, a circumscribed, firmelastic, occasionally tender mass may be palpable. ▶ Imaging Sonography (▶ Fig. 8.2a): anechoic mass, cyst wall mildly thickened, possibly indistinct; posterior .