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Ebook Clinical management notes and case histories in cardiopulmonary physical therapy: Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book “Clinical management notes and case histories in cardiopulmonary physical therapy” has contents: Mobility and exercise training, airway clearance techniques, oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, respiratory conditions, cardiovascular conditions, restrictive lung disease, and other contents. | 14 Mobility And Exercise Training OBJECTIVES At the end of this chapter, the reader should be able to describe: 1. The rationale, indications, and contraindications for mobilization and exercise training 2. The key steps to consider when mobilizing patients in the acute care setting 3. Major components of an exercise training program that should be considered when designing a training program for different patients BRIEF DESCRIPTION One of the most effective treatments the physical therapist can prescribe is an effective exercise program. In the acute care setting, this is often termed mobilization, whereas in the outpatient setting it is referred to as exercise prescription and training. The extremely low exercise tolerance and complexity of health conditions in some patients can preclude the use of training regimens designed for healthy individuals or cardiovascular patients; however, many of the basic training principles apply. RATIONALE Immobility can negatively impact a number of body systems (Table 14-1). Increasing mobility and exercise can have many positive impacts on the body (Table 14-2). Because many of the hospital patients are very ill and can have multiple comorbidities, the therapist has to be more cautious when prescribing exercise to this type of patient than to those in the outpatient clinic. Regardless of the setting and complexities of the patient's conditions, the effects of prolonged bed rest, and inactivity are more detrimental than earlier ambulation or shortterm bed rest.1 EVIDENCE • A—for healthy people,2 those with coronary artery disease,3 and those with COPD4-8 • C—The evidence is less well defined for individuals in the acute care setting although the effects of immobilization and bed rest are well described Indications—Which Patients? • The physical therapist should endeavor to implement and progress an effective exercise program for all patients, except with those with extremely unstable medical conditions. • Bed rest is often .