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Lecture Operating system concepts (9/ed) - Chapter 4: Threads

In this chapter, the following content will be discussed: Overview, multicore programming, multithreading models, thread libraries, implicit threading, threading issues, operating system examples. | Chapter 4: Threads Chapter 4: Threads Overview Multicore Programming Multithreading Models Thread Libraries Implicit Threading Threading Issues Operating System Examples Objectives To introduce the notion(k/niệm) of a thread—a fundamental(căn bản) unit of CPU utilization(sử dụng) that forms the basis of multithreaded computer systems To discuss the APIs for the Pthreads, Windows, and Java thread libraries To explore several strategies that provide implicit(ẩn) threading To examine issues related to multithreaded programming To cover operating system support for threads in Windows and Linux Motivation(sự thúc đẩy) Most modern applications are multithreaded Threads run within application Multiple tasks with the application can be implemented by separate threads Update display Fetch(tìm nạp) data Spell checking Answer a network request Process creation is heavy-weight while thread creation is light-weight Can simplify code, increase efficiency(hiệu quả) Kernels are generally . | Chapter 4: Threads Chapter 4: Threads Overview Multicore Programming Multithreading Models Thread Libraries Implicit Threading Threading Issues Operating System Examples Objectives To introduce the notion(k/niệm) of a thread—a fundamental(căn bản) unit of CPU utilization(sử dụng) that forms the basis of multithreaded computer systems To discuss the APIs for the Pthreads, Windows, and Java thread libraries To explore several strategies that provide implicit(ẩn) threading To examine issues related to multithreaded programming To cover operating system support for threads in Windows and Linux Motivation(sự thúc đẩy) Most modern applications are multithreaded Threads run within application Multiple tasks with the application can be implemented by separate threads Update display Fetch(tìm nạp) data Spell checking Answer a network request Process creation is heavy-weight while thread creation is light-weight Can simplify code, increase efficiency(hiệu quả) Kernels are generally multithreaded Multithreaded Server Architecture Benefits Responsiveness(phản hồi)( – may allow continued execution if part of process is blocked, especially important for user interfaces Resource Sharing – threads share resources of process, easier than shared memory or message passing Economy – cheaper than process creation, thread switching lower overhead than context switching Scalability(k/năng m/rộng) – process can take advantage of multiprocessor architectures Multicore Programming Multicore or multiprocessor systems putting pressure on programmers, challenges include: Dividing activities Balance Data splitting Data dependency Testing and debugging Parallelism implies(hàm ý) a system can perform more than one task simultaneously(đồng thời) Concurrency supports more than one task making progress Single processor / core, scheduler providing concurrency Multicore Programming (Cont.) Types of parallelism Data parallelism – distributes subsets of the same data across multiple cores,