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Adventitious shoot regeneration and in vitro flowering of Anthemis xylopoda O.Schwarz, a critically endangered Turkish endemic

A protocol has been developed for the direct induction of adventitious shoots from leaf explants of in vitro raised nthemis xylopoda O.Schwarz, a critically endangered Turkish endemic. | Turk J Biol 33 (2009) 319-326 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/biy-0810-2 Adventitious shoot regeneration and in vitro flowering of Anthemis xylopoda O.Schwarz, a critically endangered Turkish endemic Bengi Baba ERDAĞ, Yelda Çalmaz EMEK Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, 09010 Aydın - TURKEY Received: 06.10.2008 Abstract: A protocol has been developed for the direct induction of adventitious shoots from leaf explants of in vitro raised Anthemis xylopoda O.Schwarz, a critically endangered Turkish endemic. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) media 6 supplemented with N –benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (KIN), and thidiazuron (TDZ) were used in regeneration experiments. BA at 0.5 mg L-1 concentration was chosen as the optimal treatment because it yielded the maximal number of adventitious shoots with the best quality (6.70 ± 1.05 shoots/explant). The highest mean of maximum shoot length was -1 observed in MS media containing 0.2 mg L BA (4.30 ± 0.48 cm). Regenerated shoots rooted best on ½MS medium -1 containing 0.5 mg L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Flower buds also occurred during rooting. For this study, the existence of auxins in the medium was essential for in vitro flower bud induction. IBA was found to be more efficient than indole3-acetic acid (IAA) in the induction of flower buds of A. xylopoda. The maximum flowering percentage was obtained -1 when the shoots were cultured on ½MS medium containing 1.0 mg L IBA. Flowers produced in vitro were morphologically normal and yellow. Key words: Anthemis xylopoda, endemic plant, adventitious shoot regeneration, in vitro flowering Kritik olarak tehdit altındaki Türkiye endemiği Anthemis xylopoda O.Schwarz’nın adventif sürgün rejenerasyonu ve in vitro çiçeklenmesi Özet: Kritik olarak tehdit altındaki Türkiye endemiği Anthemis xylopoda O.Schwarz’ın in vitro üretilmiş sürgünlerinin yaprak eksplantlarından doğrudan adventif sürgün oluşumu için bir yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Rejenerasyon .