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Emerging trends of viral Zoonoses: A problem needs solution

Last few decades have been momentous in the history of human and animal health because a series of new infectious zoonotic viruses were reported and researched across the globe. More than 70% of the emerging zoonoses reported in the last decade had viral etiology and originated in wild life. Changing face of zoonotic viruses poses threat to public health and economy. The risk factors precipitating the occurrence of emerging viruses are many; and they are in a state of continuous evolution. Viruses are usually driven to emerge as a potential zoootic pathogen by changing pattern of socioeconomic and environmental factors. Wildlife is the main cradle of emerging zoonotic viruses. Therefore, they deserve additional attention in terms of surveillance to ensure an early detection and prediction of new viruses before they emerge. Retrospective analysis and baseline data of previous outbreaks serves the basis for prediction and detection of new viruses. Several actions viz. awareness campaigning, general precautions and biosecurity measures, vaccination and health management are taken simultaneously to reduce the impact of hazards. One Health approach at human-animal-ecosystem interface is vital for effective investigation, prevention and control of emerging viruses.