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Estimation of the specific real phase and group refractive indexes by the altitude in the earth’s ionized region using the first order appleton hartree equations

The specific phase and group refractive indexes concerning the specific phase and group velocities of single and packet electromagnetic waves contain all interactions between the electromagnetic waves and the propagating medium | Khac An Dao Dong Chung Nguyen Diep Dao ESTIMATION OF THE SPECIFIC REAL PHASE AND GROUP REFRACTIVE INDEXES BY THE ALTITUDE IN THE EARTH S IONIZED REGION USING THE FIRST ORDER APPLETON-HARTREE EQUATIONS Khac An Dao 1 2 Dong Chung Nguyen3 and Diep Dao4 1 Instituite of Theoretical and Applied Research ITAR Duy Tan University Ha Noi 100000 Vietnam 2 Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Duy Tan University Da Nang 550000 Vietnam 3 Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan University Da Nang 550000 Vietnam 4 Department of Geography and Environmental Studies University of Colorado Colorado Springs U.S.A 1 Abstract The specific phase and group refractive I. INTRODUCTION indexes concerning the specific phase and group velocities The developments of the theoretical aspects of the of single and packet electromagnetic waves contain all refractive indexes concerning the electromagnetic waves interactions between the electromagnetic waves and the EMW propagation in the Earth s ionized region always propagating medium. The determination of the specific have been studying up today. The refractive index of the refractive indexes vs. altitude is also a challenging and EMW is an essential concept that reflects the interactions complicated problem. Based on the first-order Appleton- between the EMW and a given medium. Depending on the Hartree equations and the values of free electron density by features of a given propagating medium and the forms of altitude this paper outlined the numerical estimated results EMWs the refractive index is changed and it has been of the specific real phase group refractive indexes vs. the discussed and formulated in different forms such as by altitude from 100 km up to 1000 km in the ionized region. Sellmeyer formula and Lorentz formula 2-5 . During the The specific real phase refractive index has a value smaller time from 1927 to 1932 the essential formula for the than 1 corresponding to this value the specific phase refractive index of