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Định lý Fecma lớn tham khảo

Tai flieeuj mang tích chất tham khảo, các bạn có thể đạo sâu định lý fecma qua tài liệu này, tài liệu rất hay để các bạn tham khảo.Chúc cá bạn học tốt | Annals of Mathematics 141 1995 443-551 Pierre de Fermat Modular elliptic curves and Fermat s Last Theorem By Andrew John Wiles For Nada Claire Kate and Olivia Andrew John Wiles Cubum autem in duos cubos aut quadratoquadratum in duos quadra-toquadratos et generaliter nullam in infinitum ultra quadratum potestatum in duos ejusdem nominis fas est dividere cujes rei demonstrationem mirabilem sane detexi. Hanc marginis exiguitas non caperet. - Pierre de Fermat 1637 Abstract. When Andrew John Wiles was 10 years old he read Eric Temple Bell s The Last Problem and was so impressed by it that he decided that he would be the first person to prove Fermat s Last Theorem. This theorem states that there are no nonzero integers a b c n with n 2 such that an bn cn. The object of this paper is to prove that all semistable elliptic curves over the set of rational numbers are modular. Fermat s Last Theorem follows as a corollary by virtue of previous work by Frey Serre and Ribet. Introduction An elliptic curve over Q is said to be modular if it has a finite covering by a modular curve of the form X0 N . Any such elliptic curve has the property that its Hasse-Weil zeta function has an analytic continuation and satisfies a functional equation of the standard type. If an elliptic curve over Q with a given j-invariant is modular then it is easy to see that all elliptic curves with the same j-invariant are modular in which case we say that the j-invariant is modular . A well-known conjecture which grew out of the work of Shimura and Taniyama in the 1950 s and 1960 s asserts that every elliptic curve over Q is modular. However it only became widely known through its publication in a paper of Weil in 1967 We as an exercise for the interested reader in which moreover Weil gave conceptual evidence for the conjecture. Although it had been numerically verified in many cases prior to the results described in this paper it had only been known that finitely many j-invariants were modular. In 1985