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Mechanical Engineer´s Handbook P26

CHAPTER 20 RELIABILITY IN MECHANICAL DESIGN B. S. Dhillon Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 20.1 20.2 INTRODUCTION BASICRELIABILITY NETWORKS 20.2.1 Series Network 20.2.2 Parallel Network 20.2.3 k-out-of-n Unit Network 20.2.4 Standby System MECHANICALFAILURE MODES AND CAUSES RELIABILITY-BASED DESIGN 487 488 488 488 489 490 20.6 491 20.7 491 20.5.3 Failure Rate Modeling and Parts Count Method 20.5.4 Stress-Strength Interference Theory Approach 20.5.5 Network Reduction Method 20.5.6 Markov Modeling 20.5.7 Safety Factors DESIGNLIFE-CYCLE COSTING 496 497 498 498 500 501 20.3 20.4 20.5 DESIGN-RELIABILITYTOOLS 492 20.5.1 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) 492 20.5.2 Fault Tree 494 RISKASSESSMENT 501 20.7.1 Risk-Analysis Process and Its Application Benefits. | CHAPTER 20 RELIABILITY IN MECHANICAL DESIGN B. S. Dhillon Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada 20.1 INTRODUCTION 487 20.5.3 Failure Rate Modeling and Parts Count Method 496 20.2 BASIC RELIABILITY 20.5.4 Stress-Strength Interference NETWORKS 488 Theory Approach 497 20.2.1 Series Network 488 20.5.5 Network Reduction Method 498 20.2.2 Parallel Network 488 20.5.6 Markov Modeling 498 20.2.3 k-out-of-n Unit Network 489 20.5.7 Safety Factors 500 20.2.4 Standby System 490 20.6 DESIGN LIFE-CYCLE 20.3 MECHANICAL FAILURE COSTING 501 MODES AND CAUSES 491 20.7 RISK ASSESSMENT 501 20.4 RELIABILITY-BASED DESIGN 491 20.7.1 Risk-Analysis Process and Its Application Benefits 502 20.5 DESIGN-RELIABILITY TOOLS 492 20.7.2 Risk Analysis Techniques 502 20.5.1 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis FMEA 492 20.8 FAILURE DATA 504 20.5.2 Fault Tree 494 20.1 INTRODUCTION The history of the application of probability concepts to electric power systems goes back to the 1930s.1 6 However the beginning of the reliability field is generally regarded as World War II when Germans applied basic reliability concept to improve reliability of their VI and V2 rockets. During the period from 1945-1950 the U.S. Army Navy and Air Force conducted various studies that revealed a definite need to improve equipment reliability. As a result of this effort the Department of Defense in 1950 established an ad hoc committee on reliability. In 1952 this committee was transformed to a group called the Advisory Group on the Reliability of Electronic Equipment AGREE . In 1957 this group s report known as the AGREE Report was published and it subsequently led to a specification on the reliability of military electronic equipment. The first issue of a journal on reliability appeared in 1952 published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IEEE . The first symposium on reliability and quality control was held in 1954. Since those days the field .