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Absolute C++ (4th Edition) part 38

Absolute C++ (4th Edition) part 38. KEY BENEFIT: C++ programming concepts and techniques are presented in a straightforward style using understandable language and code. KEY TOPICS: C++ Basics; Flow of Control; Function Basics; Parameters and Overloading; Arrays; Structures and Classes; Constructors; Operator Overloading, Friends, and References; Strings; Pointers and Dynamic Arrays; Separate Compilation and Namespaces; Streams and File I/O; Recursion; Inheritance; Polymorphism and Virtual Functions; Templates; Linked Data Structures; Exception Handling; Standard Template Library; Patterns and UML. MARKET: Useful for both beginning and intermediate C++ programmers. . | The Standard Class string 375 Another way to get the computer to treat the value returned by toupper or tolower as a value of type char is to use a type cast as follows cout static_cast char toupper a Self-Test Exercises 19. Consider the following code and assume that it is embedded in a complete and correct program and then run cout Enter a line of input n char next do cin.get next cout next while isdigit next next n cout END OF OUTPUT If the dialogue begins as follows what will be the next line of output Enter a line of input I ll see you at 10 30 AM. 20. Write some C code that will read a line of text and echo the line with all uppercase letters deleted. 21. Rewrite the definition of the newLine function in Display 9.2 but this time use the ignore member function. 9.3 The Standard Class string I try to catch every sentence every word you and I say and quickly lock all these sentences and words away in my literary storehouse because they might come in handy. Anton Chekhov The Seagull Section 9.1 introduced C-strings. These C-strings are simply arrays of characters terminated with the null character 0 . To manipulate these C-strings you need to worry about all the details of handling arrays. For example when you want to add characters to a C-string and there is not enough room in the array you must create another array 376 Strings to hold this longer string of characters. In short C-strings require that you the programmer keep track of all the low-level details of how the C-strings are stored in memory. This is a lot of extra work and a source of programmer errors. The ANSI ISO standard for C specified that C must now also have a class string that allows the programmer to treat strings as a basic data type without needing to worry about implementation details. This section introduces you to this string type. INTRODUCTION TO THE STANDARD CLASS string The class string is defined in the library whose name is also string and the definitions are placed in the std .