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FUNDAMENTALS OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR Third Edition TEACHER’S GUIDE phần 8

Tham khảo tài liệu 'fundamentals of english grammar third edition teacher’s guide phần 8', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 10-5 THE PASSIVE FORMS OF THE PRESENT AND PAST PROGRESSIVE The text intends only a brief introduction to these forms. Passive progressives are relatively infrequent. The goal is simply recognition of these forms and their meanings. EXERCISE 12 p. 288. Passive forms. Chart 10-5 ANSWERS 2. is being built 3. is being built 4. was being painted 5. is being organized 6. are being petted 7. were being grown 8. are being lost 10-6 PASSIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES Emphasize again that every passive has a form of be as the auxiliary to the main verb. This text does not present the past forms of modals so past forms in the passive are not found here either e.g. should have been mailed . Instead see Understanding and Using English Grammar Third Edition for past modal auxiliaries. EXERCISE 13 p. 289. Passive modals. Chart 10-6 ANSWERS 2. should be planted 3. can t be controlled 4. had to be fixed 5. can be reached 6. can be found 7. ought to be washed 8. may be cooked . . . eaten 9. could be destroyed 10. must be kept 11. shouldn t be pronounced 12. can be worn EXERCISE 14 p. 290. Active vs. passive. Charts 10-1 10-6 ANSWERS 2. disappeared 3. died 4. survived 5. were domesticated 6. were used 7. were used 8. became 9. were reintroduced 10. came 11. returned 12. left 13. developed 14. began 15. were captured 16. were tamed 17. were hunted 18. were killed 19. are protected 20. cannot be killed 21. Should wild horses be protected EXERCISE 15 p. 291. Active vs. passive. Charts 10-1 10-6 The focus of this exercise is on analyzing when the passive is or is not used and why. In general the passive is used when there is no need or way to identify the actual performers of an action. In English rhetoric the passive is used in preference to active sentences with subjects like someone people you used as an impersonal pronoun meaning anyone in general or cheesemakers i.e. nonspecific people who make cheese . 136 CHAPTER 10 The Passive Paragraphs one two and three discuss cheese and cheesemaking .