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The Cambridge History of the English Language Volume 2 part 9

Barrett, JC (1994), Những mảnh vỡ từ thời cổ: Khảo cổ học của cuộc sống xã hội ở Anh, 2900-1200 bc. Oxford: Blackwell. - (2001), Cơ quan, tính hai mặt của cấu trúc, và vấn đề của hồ sơ khảo cổ học. I. Hodder (ed.). | Norman Blake It would be dangerous to look for any significance in this switching. The same applies to Gawain at the castle of Hautdesert. Generally he addresses his host with e forms though occasionally he relapses into a f ou form. Although in the temptation scenes the lady uses f ou forms to Gawain he uses 3Í forms to her except for an occasional lapse. Shortly before she offers Gawain a ring in the third temptation scene he relapses into using one f y Now iwysse quo J pat wyje T Wolde I had here ĩ e leuest lúng for py luf pat I in londe welde. Tolkien Gordon 1967 1801-2 Now truly said that knight I wish that for your sake I had the most valuable thing on earth that I own here . It has been suggested that his lapse makes the mental turbulence dramatic is a concrete indication of how far the lady has driven him Evans 1967 42 though this is perhaps to read too much into a single example which may have arisen for a variety of reasons including scribal corruption. 6.4.6 Other fourteenth- and fifteenth-century authors such as Chaucer and Malory are able to exploit this difference between the two forms. By Malory s time it may well be that the thou of intimacy was becoming less common for it has been largely abandoned by the Pastons in their correspondence and this has left it as a mark of contempt or as a social marker. Field has pointed out a notable use of thou forms in Le Morte Darthur Field 1971 101 . When Gareth first appears in Arthur s court the king is sufficiently impressed by the young man to use Ji forms which would be the polite form of address in any case. When Gareth asks for food and drink for a year the king switches to thou forms for the request seems to suggest someone of a low social rank who has come to beg. Later when it is revealed that Gareth is his nephew the king reverts to Ji forms. This switching of forms indicates that Malory was aware of the potential for social and other implications of the thou and you forms and was prepared to exploit