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Báo cáo toán học: "Molecular Predictors of EGFR-TKI Sensitivity in Advanced Non–small Cell Lung Cancer"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học ngành y học tạp chí Medical Sciences dành cho các bạn sinh viên ngành y tham khảo đề tài: Molecular Predictors of EGFR-TKI Sensitivity in Advanced Non–small Cell Lung Cancer. | Int. J. Med. Sci. 2008 5 209 International Journal of Medical Sciences ISSN 1449-1907 www.medsci.org 2008 5 4 209-217 Ivyspring International Publisher. All rights reserved Review Molecular Predictors of EGFR-TKI Sensitivity in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Xiaozhu Zhang Alex Chang International Medical Centre Johns Hopkins Singapore Singapore Correspondence to Zhang Xiaozhu Johns Hopkins Singapore International Medical Centre 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng Singapore 308433. Tel 65-63266115 Fax 65-62273787 Email xiaozhu@imc.jhmi.edu Received 2008.05.22 Accepted 2008.07.10 Published 2008.07.11 The epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR is overexpressed in the majority of non-small cell lung cancers NSCLC and is a major target for new therapies. Specific EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors TKIs have been developed and used for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. The clinical response however varies dramatically among different patient cohorts. Females East Asians non-smokers and patients with adenocarcinoma usually show higher response rates. Meanwhile a number of biological factors are also associated with EGFR-TKIs responsiveness. In order to better understand the predictive value of these biomarkers and their significance in clinical application we prepared this brief review. Here we mainly focused on EGFR somatic mutations MET amplification K-ras mutations EGFRvIII mutation EGFR gene dosage and expression HER2 gene dosage and expression and Akt phosphorylation. We think EGFR somatic mutation probably is the most effective molecular predictor for EGFR-TKIs responsiveness and efficacy. Mutation screening test can provide the most direct and valuable guidance for clinicians to make decision on EGFR-TKIs therapy. Key words non-small cell lung cancer EGFR somatic mutation tyrosine kinase inhibitor gene amplification Introduction Lung cancer is one of the most common human cancers and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide 1 . Lung cancer is generally classified into two .