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Báo cáo y học: "Peanut Allergy: An Overview"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Peanut Allergy: An Overview. | ORIGINAL ARTICLE Peanut Allergy An Overview Nasser Al-Ahmed MD Shirina Alsowaidi MD and Peter Vadas MD PhD Peanut allergies have been increasing in prevalence in most industrialized countries. Onset is typically in early childhood with a trend towards earlier ages of presentation. The allergy is lifelong in most affected children although 15-22 will outgrow their peanut allergy usually before their teenage years. Manifestations of peanut allergy range from mild to severe and risk factors predisposing to severe reactions are discussed. However even in the absence of risk factors peanut allergic individuals may still experience life-threatening anaphylactic reactions. Approaches to investigation and treatment patterns of cross-reactivity and possible causes of rising prevalence are discussed. Key words peanut allergy anaphylaxis nuts Food allergy is a common problem encountered by primary care physicians. It is estimated to affect 4 to 8 of children and 1 to 2 of adults and is considered a major cause of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions.1-3 Eight foods are responsible for more than 90 of food allergies cow s milk egg soy wheat peanut tree nuts fish and shellfish.4 Among those foods peanut has attracted considerable attention for several reasons. Peanut allergy is common typically with onset in the first few years of life. Allergy to peanut usually is lifelong and accounts for most of the food-induced severe and fatal allergic reactions.5 Hence the diagnosis of peanut allergy carries with it considerable medical and emotional significance.6 Prevalence The prevalence of anaphylaxis from all causes is rising but food-induced anaphylaxis is causing a disproportionate increase in the rates of anaphylaxis.7 A recent study in the United States assessed the prevalence of peanut allergy by random telephone survey. The prevalence of peanut allergy was estimated to affect 0.8 of children and 0.6 of adults 8 showing a twofold increase over a 5-year period.9 In the .