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Báo cáo y học: "Building on basic metagenomics with complementary technologies"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Critical Care giúp cho các bạn có thêm kiến thức về ngành y học đề tài: Building on basic metagenomics with complementary technologies. | Review Building on basic metagenomics with complementary technologies Falk Warnecke and Philip Hugenholtz Address Microbial Ecology Program DOE Joint Genome Institute Walnut Creek CA 94598 USA. Correspondence Philip Hugenholtz. Email PHugenholtz@lbl.gov Published 28 December 2007 Genome Biology 2007 8 231 doi l0.ll86 gb-2007-8-l2-23l The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http genomebiology.com 2007 8 l2 23l 2007 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract Metagenomics the application of random shotgun sequencing to environmental samples is a powerful approach for characterizing microbial communities. However this method only represents the cornerstone of what can be achieved using a range of complementary technologies such as transcriptomics proteomics cell sorting and microfluidics. Together these approaches hold great promise for the study of microbial ecology and evolution. The majority of microorganisms defy axenic culture in the laboratory and so have eluded study by the classic microbiological approaches 1 . With the advent of cultivationindependent molecular tools the true extent of microbial diversity has been and continues to be revealed 2-4 . Much of that work however is based on a single phylogenetic marker gene small subunit ribosomal RNA ssu rRNA 5 . By contrast metagenomics in principle makes accessible the entire genetic complement of a microbial community - we define metagenomics here as the large-scale application of random shotgun sequencing to DNA extracted directly from environmental samples and resulting in at least 50 megabase pairs Mbp of sequence data. It has been barely three years since the publication of the first large-scale metagenomic studies of an acid mine drainage biofilm 6 and of ocean surface water 7 . Since then numerous other habitats have been investigated using this basic meta-genomic approach Figure 1 arrow 1 including farmland soil and whale falls whale carcasses that have fallen to the sea .