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Báo cáo sinh học: " A method for the dynamic management of genetic variability in dairy cattle"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về sinh học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh học thế giới đề tài: A method for the dynamic management of genetic variability in dairy cattle | Genet. Sel. Evol. 36 2004 373-394 INRA EDP Sciences 2004 DOI 10.1051 gse 2004007 373 Original article A method for the dynamic management of genetic variability in dairy cattle Jean-Jacques CoLLEAUa Sophie MouREAUxa b Michèle BRiENDa Jérôme Bechuc a Station de génétique quantitative et appliquée Institut national de la recherche agronomique 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex France b Institut de l élevage 75595 Paris Cedex 12 France c Génétique Normande Avenir 61700 Domfront France Received 18 August 2003 accepted 1 March 2004 Abstract - According to the general approach developed in this paper dynamic management of genetic variability in selected populations of dairy cattle is carried out for three simultaneous purposes procreation of young bulls to be further progeny-tested use of service bulls already selected and approval of recently progeny-tested bulls for use. At each step the objective is to minimize the average pairwise relationship coefficient in the future population born from programmed matings and the existing population. As a common constraint the average estimated breeding value of the new population for a selection goal including many important traits is set to a desired value. For the procreation of young bulls breeding costs are additionally constrained. Optimization is fully analytical and directly considers matings. Corresponding algorithms are presented in detail. The efficiency of these procedures was tested on the current Norman population. Comparisons between optimized and real matings clearly showed that optimization would have saved substantial genetic variability without reducing short-term genetic gains. relationship coefficient mating optimization breeding scheme 1. INTRODUCTION The selection tools currently available for the selection of dairy cattle populations have been shown to be very efficient for generating short and mid-term genetic gains. However theory has shown that inbreeding and kinship rates are likely to increase very fast. Such .