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Báo cáo sinh học: "Phenotypic plasticity of body pigmentation in Drosophila: Modelling and optimizing of sequential selection schemes: a poultry breeding applicationah"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về sinh học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh Original cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về sinh học đề tài:Phenotypic plasticity of body pigmentation in Drosophila: Modelling and optimizing of sequential selection schemes: a poultry breeding application. | 327 Genet Sei Evol 1997 29 327-356 Elsevier Inra Original article Modelling and optimizing of sequential selection schemes a poultry breeding application H Chapuis1 2 V Ducrocq1 F Phocas1 Y Delabrosse2 1 Station de génétique quantitative et appliquée Institut national de la recherche agronomique 78352 Jouy-en-Josas cedex 2 Betina Selection Le Beau Chêne Trédion 56250 Elven France Received 30 January 1997 accepted 25 April 1997 Summary - A sequential selection scheme where candidates are ranked using a multiple trait BLUP selection index was modelled deterministically. This model accounts for overlapping generations and for the reduction of genetic variances under selection in order to predict the asymptotic genetic gain. Sires and dams are selected among the pairs already created whose progeny have maximum expected average genetic merit. This procedure allows for an optimal use of the available information when the pairs are selected. Effects of selection on the mean and variance of the traits measured on selected animals are accounted for using the Tallis formulae while a matrix formula is used in order to simultaneously derive genetic lags and gains. The evolution of inbreeding rate was not modelled. Numerical applications were related to a turkey breeding plan. The impact of the relative weight given to growth male and female body weight measured at 12 and 16 weeks and reproduction traits three partial egg number records on the expected genetic gains was investigated. Influence of demographic parameters was also studied. Different selection strategies were compared. When the selection objective is mainly to improve laying ability it is more relevant to increase the amount of information on laying performance and to apply selection of best mated pairs rather than to reduce generation intervals by only using the youngest sires. This modelling can be viewed as a useful tool in order to foresee the consequences of any change in the breeding plan for the long-term .