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Báo cáo y học: "Where is the difference between the genomes of humans and annelids"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Minireview cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Where is the difference between the genomes of humans and annelids? | Minireview Where is the difference between the genomes of humans and annelids Alexei Fedorov 4 and Larisa Fedorova Addresses Department of Medicine and Program in Bioinformatics and Proteomics Genomics Medical University of Ohio Toledo OH 43614 UsA. Correspondence Alexei Fedorov. Email afedorov@meduohio.edu Published I February 2006 Genome Biology 2006 7 203 doi I0.II86 gb-2006-7-I-203 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http genomebiology.com 2006 7 I 203 2006 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract The first systematic investigation of an annelid genome has revealed that the genes of the marine worm Platynereis dumerilii are more closely related to those of vertebrates than to those of insects or nematodes. For hundreds of millions of years vertebrates have preserved exon-intron structures descended from their last common ancestor with the annelids. Among the millions of invertebrate species the genomes of insects particularly fruit flies of the genus Drosophila and nematodes from the genus Caenorhabditis have come under the closest scrutiny. Now it is time for annelids - the segmented worms - to reveal their DNA sequences and gene structures. Last November Raible and co-authors reported in Science the initial investigation of 30 genes from the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii 1 . And it revealed a big surprise. The sequences of the annelid proteins were found to be more closely related to their human orthologs than to the insect and nematode orthologs. Moreover among the species compared the exon-intron structure of P. dumerilii genes was also most similar to that of humans the human and the marine worm genomes have the highest number of introns per gene 7.8 for annelid and 8.4 for human and other mammalian genes and more than 60 of annelid introns divide protein-coding sequences at exactly the same positions as human introns. By comparison insects have 2.4 to 5.4 introns per gene and the plant representative Arabidopsis