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on the principles of political economy and taxation phần 10

Mặc dù chúng ta chỉ thảo luận về phân phối không biến đổi của lớp thừa nhận phân phối bổ sung. Các không gian (a, b) tham số có thể được mở rộng để chấp nhận một phần mở rộng của phân phối nhị thức tiêu cực để bao gồm các trường hợp . | David Ricardo Principles ofPoliticalEconomy and Taxation 299 himself state it never to be so I hope he says to be excused for dwelling a little and presenting to the reader in various forms the doctrine that corn in reference to the quantity actually produced is sold at its necessary price like manufactures because I consider it as a truth of the highest importance which has been overlooked by the economists by Adam Smith and all those writers who have represented raw produce as selling always at a monopoly price. Every extensive country may thus be considered as possessing a gradation of machines for the production of corn and raw materials including in this gradation not only all the various qualities of poor land of which every territory has generally an abundance but the inferior machinery which may be said to be employed when good land is further and further forced for additional produce. As the price of raw produce continues to rise these inferior machines are successively called into action and as the price of raw produce continues to fall they are successively thrown out of action. The illustration here used serves to shew at once the necessity of the actual price of corn to the actual produce and the different effect which would attend a great reduction in the price of any particular manufacture and a great reduction in the price of raw produce. 73 How are these passages to be reconciled to that which affirms that if the necessaries of life had not the property of creating an increase of demand proportioned to their increased quantity the abundant quantity produced would then and then only reduce the price of raw produce to the cost of production If corn is never under its natural price it is never more abundant than the actual population require it to be for their own consumption no store can be laid up for the consumption of others it can never then by its cheapness and abundance be a stimulus to population. In proportion as corn can be produced cheaply