Các trường hợp đầu tiên báo cáo của truyền liên quan đến AIDS (TAA) hóa ra là một em bé 18 tháng tuổi với suy giảm miễn dịch đã được truyền nhiều lần lúc sinh và đã nhận được một đơn vị tiểu cầu từ một nhà tài trợ người sau đó phát triển AIDS (Amman et al 1983). | CHAPTER 16 The first reported case of transfusion-associated AIDS TAA turned out to be an 18-month-old infant with severe combined immunodeficiency who had been transfused repeatedly at birth and had received a unit of platelets from a donor who subsequently developed AIDS Amman et al. 1983 . By 1984 38 cases of AIDS had been reported in patients with no risk factors other than a history of transfusion. Nineteen of the patients were adults who during the previous 5 years had received blood components derived from unpooled donations. In those cases in which all the donors could be followed up an individual in a high-risk group could always be identified Curran et al. 1984 . An expanded study of 194 patients showed that in most cases the high-risk donor was anti-HIV positive and in those few cases in which the high-risk donor lacked anti-HIV another donor tested positive Peterman et al. 1985 . A total of 157 525 cases of AIDS was reported in the USA by the end of 1990 and 5371 of these were attributed to the transfusion of blood or blood components. The median incubation period estimated as the time from exposure by transfusion to diagnosis of AIDS has been estimated to be 34 months in adults and 22 months in children Peterman 1987 although later estimates indicated a longer period with a median of 7-8 years for adults and 3-5 years for children Rogers 1992 . In total 50 of untreated subjects infected with HIV by transfusion will develop AIDS within 7 years compared with 33 of subjects infected by other routes Ward et al. 1989 . Following the first reports the number of cases of TAA in the USA increased rapidly. By the end of 1991 out of a total of 206 392 cases of AIDS there were 6060 adults and 472 infants or children who had acquired the disease by transfusion of blood or blood products representing 3 and of the total cases in adults and children respectively CDC 1992 . The risk of transmission of HIV by blood transfusion is now trivial in countries .
