Khảo sát và Đánh giá các phương pháp thử độc tính tiêu biểu Tầm quan trọng của sự hiểu biết các thủ tục kiểm tra quan trọng đối với độc chất trong môi trường không thể đánh giá thấp. Các yêu cầu của các bài kiểm tra ảnh hưởng đến các thiết kế của phòng thí nghiệm, hậu cần, và các nhân viên yêu cầu. Trong tất cả các giải thích của một EC50 hoặc một NOEL có phải là một sự hiểu biết rõ ràng về các phương pháp thử nghiệm được sử dụng để có được rằng ước tính | CHAPTER 4 Survey and Review of Typical Toxicity Test Methods The importance of understanding the test procedures that are crucial to environmental toxicology cannot be underestimated. The requirements of the tests dictate the design of the laboratory logistics and the required personnel. In every interpretation of an EC50 or an NOEL there should be a clear understanding of the test method used to obtain that estimate. The understanding should include the strengths and weaknesses of the test method and the vagaries of the test organism or organisms. Quite often it is the standard method that is modified by a researcher to answer more specific questions about the effects of xenobiotics. These standard tests form the basis of much of what we know about relative chemical toxicity in a laboratory setting. Table lists a number of toxicity tests currently available from a variety of standard sources. This table is not inclusive since there are more specialized tests for specific location or situations. Many more methods exist some of which are derivatives of basic toxicity tests. More important than memorization of each test procedure is a good understanding of the general thrust of the various toxicity tests methods of data analysis and experimental design. A more complete listing of toxicity tests and references for the methods are presented in Appendix A. The following survey starts with single species toxicity tests and concludes with field studies. These summaries are based on the standard methods published by the American Society for Testing and Materials the . Environmental Protection Agency and other published sources. Many of these methods are listed in the reference section for this chapter. The survey is broken up into single species and multispecies tests. Although Chapter 3 discussed to some length the various types of toxicity acute chronic partial life cycle etc. it is in many ways logical to list them into organismal and ecosystem type tests. That .
