Người ta ước tính hơn 1,5 tỷ người trên thế giới không có nguồn cung cấp nước đầy đủ và xử lý chất thải hệ nước bệnh giết chết trung bình người mỗi ngày, và hàng triệu người bị ảnh hưởng suy nhược của Lo ngại về sự cần thiết cho an toàncung cấp nước và vệ sinh môi trường, Liên Hợp Quốc (LHQ) tuyên bố 1981-1990 như cấp nước và Thập kỷ Quốc tế Vệ sinh môi trường với mục tiêu xưng cung cấp nước uống cho tất cả mọi người trên thế giới vào năm. | PLANNING WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECTS IN DEVELOPING NATIONS INTRODUCTION It is estimated that over billion people in the world are without adequate water supply and waste disposal Waterborne diseases kill an average of 25 000 people every day and millions suffer the debilitating effects of the Concerned about the need for safe water supply and sanitation the United Nations UN declared 1981-1990 as the International Water Supply and Sanitation Decade with the professed goal of supplying potable water for all the people of the world by 1990 and also of providing all people with the means to safe disposal of human excreta. This goal was highly optimistic in view of the fact the nearly 80 percent of the population in the developing countries does not have access to piped water supply and even a large percentage lacks public sewers and household waste disposal 4 At the end of the International Water and Sanitation Decade it was estimated that almost 31 and 44 percent of the world population was lacking safe water supply and adequate human waste disposal respectively. The global population being billions total population currently having inadequate water supply and sanitation is therefore Based on an assessment of the successes and failures of the Decade it is believed that much has been accomplished but progress is needed on all fronts rehabilitation and operation of existing systems training of personnel financing and new construction to achieve the goals of the Decade within a reasonable time in the future. In this article many factors that contribute to successes and failures of the Water Decade goals are reviewed. The discussion is divided into 1 understanding of the needs 2 appropriate technology for water supply and waste disposal 3 commitment 4 financial resources 5 training of people to plan design build operate and maintain water and sanitary projects and 6 role of developed .
