Tham khảo tài liệu 'advances in biomimetics part 7', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 202 Advances in Biomimetics Fig. 25. Procedure of a biomimetic project in which a novel biomimetic product is developed by implementing the abstracted principles of several biological concept generators. PBGF. The potential fields of technical implementations range from the automotive industry Fig. 1 to aerospace Fig. 5 and also include architecture as well as sports equipment and special technical structures such as windmills or prostheses. Branched fiber-reinforced structures Biological concept generators Y-shaped and T-shaped branchings that are present in technical structures are also found in branched arborescent plants. These branchings are optimized for fracture toughness Jungnikl et al. 2009 . Due to their special morphological organization arborescent monocotyledons Fig. 26A B and columnar cacti Fig. 26C hold a high potential for transfer into technical implementation. The stem-branch attachments of these plants are very different from those of gymnosperms and of most dicotyledon trees. A new biomimetic project for analysing the regions of stem-branch attachments of arborescent monocotyledons and columnar cacti and for transferring the results in technical applications has started in 2009 at the PBGF in cooperation with the Institute for Textile Technology and Process Engineering ITV Denkendorf the Botanic Garden of the TU Dresden and the Institute for Lightweight Structures and Polymer Technology ILK of the TU Dresden. The morphology of the stem-branch attachments found in arborescent monocotyledons and columnar cacti differs in its arrangement on several hierarchical levels. At stem level the region of the stem-branch attachment is thickened by anomalous secondary growth in Dracaena Fig. 26A while the attachment is unthickened in Freycinetia insignis Fig. 26B . In contrast in the genus Cereus the base of the branch is very small and the branch becomes thicker distally Fig. 26C . At tissue level the structure the arrangement and the course of .
