Hình thức yêu cầu không có thể chỉ định những gì để tìm kiếm trên siêu âm tim, và chương này cung cấp danh sách cho một nghiên cứu tập trung hoặc một phần của một nghiên cứu tiêu chuẩn. | 14 GENERAL SPECIFIC CLINICAL REQUESTS The request form may not specify what to look for on the echocardiogram and this chapter provides lists for a focused study or part of a standard study. Emergency echocardiography This may be requested for the following cardiac arrest Table collapse with suspected pulmonary embolism Table hypotension after an invasive cardiac procedure including central line insertion look for the following Table Focused list for echocardiography after cardiac arrest LV function - Global dysfunction - Regional wall motion abnormality - Hypertrophy Acute complications of infarction - Flail mitral valve - Ventricular septal rupture - Free wall rupture RV dilatation see Table Pericardial tamponade Severe aortic stenosis Obstructed prosthetic valve Aortic dissection rupturing into pleural space or abdominal cavity 120 Echocardiography A Practical Guide for Reporting Table Echocardiographic signs of massive pulmonary embolism1 RV dilatation and free wall hypokinesis Tricuspid regurgitation Vmax usually m s Short time to PA Vmax 60 ms IVC dilated and unreactive Occasionally thrombus in the PA or right heart - pericardial effusion - signs of tamponade may be present even if the effusion is small - other causes of hypotension Table . Urgent echocardiography This may be requested for the following trauma Table hypotension Table hypotension after cardiac surgery Table hypoxaemia - causes of hypotension Table - contrast study for right-to-left shunting at atrial level. Table Focused list in hypotension Signs of underfilling Flat IVC Small and active RV and LV Low E and A wave on transmitral pulsed Doppler Cardiogenic causes LV global or regional dysfunction RV dysfunction see also Table Pericardial tamponade Severe valve lesions Sepsis LV dilated and hypokinetic RV dilated and .
