Tham khảo tài liệu 'tiếng anh chuyên ngành công nghệ thông tin part 6', công nghệ thông tin, tin học văn phòng phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Lesson 6 Programming IL Reading Read the text and find answers to these questions. 1. Do computers understand human languages 2. What are the differences between low-level and high-level languages 3. What is an assembler 4. What is the function of compilers 5. What do you understand by the terms source program and object program 6. In the future could computers be programmed in Spanish French or Japanese Programming languages Unfortunately computers cannot understand ordinary spoken English or any other natural language. The only language they can understand directly is called machine code. This consists of the Is and Os binary code that are processed by the CPU. However machine code as a means of communication is very difficult to write. For this reason we use symbolic languages that are easier to understand. Then by using a special program these languages can be translated into machine code. For example the so-called assembly languages use abbreviations such as ADD SUB MPY to represent instructions. These mnemonic codes are like labels easily associated with the items to which they refer. Basic languages where the program is similar to the machine code version are known as low-level languages. In these languages each instruction is equivalent to a single machine code instruction and the program is converted into machine code by a special program called an assembler. These languages arc still quite complex and restricted to particular machines. To make the programs easier to write and to overcome the problem of intercommunication between different types of machines higher-level languages were designed such as BASIC COBOL FORTRAN or Pascal. These are all problem-oriented rather than machine-oriented. Programs written in one of these 130 languages known as source programs arc converted into a lower-level language by means of a compiler generating the object program . On compilation each statement in a high-level language is generally translated into many machine .
