Một lượng lớn các hợp chất hữu cơ tự nhiên và tổng hợp có thể được tìm thấy trong môi trường trong nhà. Chúng bao gồm các hợp chất hữu cơ dễ bay hơi (VVOCs) có nhiệt độ sôi khác nhau, từ | chapter four Organic contaminants A large variety of natural and synthetic organic compounds can be found in indoor environments. These include very volatile organic compounds VVOCs which have boiling points ranging from 0 C to 50-100 C volatile organic compounds VOCs with boiling points ranging from 50-100 C to 240-260 C semivolatile organic compounds SVOCs with boiling points ranging from 240-260 C to 380-400 C and solid organic compounds POMs with boiling points in excess of 380 C. In the last case POMs may be components of airborne or surface dusts. Organic compounds reported to contaminate indoor environments include a large variety of aliphatic hydrocarbons which may be straight branch-chained or cyclic contain single bonds alkanes or one or more double bonds alkenes aromatic hydrocarbons contain one or more benzene rings oxygenated hydrocarbons such as aldehydes alcohols ethers ketones esters and acids and halogenated hydrocarbons primarily chlorine and fluorine containing . These may be emitted from a number of sources including building materials and furnishings consumer products building cleaning and maintenance materials pest control and disinfection products humans office equipment tobacco smoking and other combustion sources. Organic compounds which are seen as relatively distinct indoor contamination problems include the aldehydes VOCs SVOCs which include a large number of volatile as well as less volatile compounds and pesticides and biocides which are for the most part SVOCs. I. Aldehydes Aldehydes belong to a class of compounds called carbonyls. Carbonyls which include aldehydes and ketones have the functional group 2001 by CRC Press LLC H - O in their chemical structure. The carbonyl is in a terminal position in aldehydes. A compound is described as an aldehyde if it has one terminal carbonyl a dialdehyde if it has two and a trialdehyde if it has three carbonyls. Aldehydes include saturated single bonds aliphatic unsaturated one or more double .
