Phân tích tóm tắt Hóa chất là một phần không thể thiếu của tất cả các điều tra môi trường. Sự chú ý ngắn gọn là hướng đến các khía cạnh của lấy mẫu để tránh nhiễu từ các đồ tạo tác có thể xảy ra, thủ tục khác nhau để khai thác và nồng độ của chất phân tích, và tầm quan trọng của thủ tục dọn dẹp trước khi xác định và định lượng. Thủ tục phân tích các mẫu nước, đất và trầm tích và sinh vật được phác thảo, và được tóm tắt một số phản. | Neilson Alasdair H. Analysis Organic Chemicals An Environmental Perspective Boca Raton CRC Press LLC 2000 2_ Analysis SYNOPSIS Chemical analysis is an integral part of all environmental investigations. Brief attention is directed to aspects of sampling in order to avoid interference from possible artifacts to various procedures for extraction and concentration of analytes and to the importance of cleanup procedures before identification and quantification. Procedures for the analysis of water soil and sediment samples and biota are outlined and some important reactions for derivatizing functional groups are summarized. Methods for the identification of components of environmental samples are briefly summarized and attention is directed to developments in ionization procedures for mass spectrometry MS analysis high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC MS interfaces and the application of nondestructive procedures such as nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopy. The importance of access to authentic reference compounds is emphasized. Gas chromatographic GC procedures for quantification are briefly discussed and attention is directed to recent developments including the use of chiral support phases and a range of detector systems. The use of supercritical fluids for the extraction of samples and as mobile phases for chromatography is briefly noted and developments in liquid chromatography LC and capillary electrophoresis CE are discussed. The potential for application of immunologically based assays is noted and attention is drawn to the potential for application of stable isotope fractionation. The range of analytes including transformation products which may be encountered in environmental samples is discussed including the problems in the analysis of commercial mixtures and complex effluents. There is an inherent indeterminacy in assessing the recoverability of analytes from naturally aged sediment samples as a result of .
