Gaia và hỗn loạn: làm thế nào mọi thứ được kết nối "Cuộc đời tự nó là một kinh nghiệm tôn giáo" - James Lovelock "Khi chúng tôi cố gắng để chọn ra bất cứ điều gì của chính nó, chúng ta tìm thấy nó hitched để tất cả mọi thứ khác trong vũ trụ." - John Muir, 1911 Các giả thuyết Gaia Xây dựng vào năm 1965 bởi nhà sinh vật học độc lập người Anh James E. Lovelock và xây dựng bởi Lynn Margulis, phân biệt giáo sư sinh học tại Đại học Massachusetts, giả thuyết Gaia đề xuất một số. | chapter fourteen Gaia and chaos how things are connected Life itself is a religious experience. James Lovelock When we try to pick out anything by itself we find it hitched to everything else in the universe. John Muir 1911 The Gaia hypothesis Formulated in 1965 by the independent British biologist James E. Lovelock and elaborated by Lynn Margulis distinguished biology professor at the University of Massachusetts the Gaia hypothesis proposes that certain kinds of life on the planet grow change and die in ways that lead to the persistence of other life-forms. In some circles this has been interpreted as meaning that life on Earth forms a single complex continuum one ecosystem throughout time and space. The Earth according to this view can thus be considered as a single organism and its various components as cells in that organism. The name is taken from the Greek earth goddess Gaea. Although Lovelock intended his first book to be taken as a scientific treatise there was a considerable amount of mysticism and spiritual significance attached to it by segments of the public and this tended to turn serious scientists away from the theory for a long time. As information accumulated about the role of rainforests in consuming CO2 and producing O2 of wetlands in purifying water and of ocean phenomena such as El Nino in affecting climate the idea of Earth as an integrated biosystem gained credibility. This was strengthened as it became evident that human disruption of its components such as the ozone layer could have serious consequences for life on Earth. 2001 CRC Press LLC To a microbiologist like Margulis the Gaia hypothesis made perfect sense as it seemed when stripped of its earth goddess mystique to be simply another perhaps more complex example of symbiosis so commonly encountered in the world of microorganisms. As Margulis pointed out during an address to other microbioligists Without the few pounds of bacteria in each of our guts no one would ever digest food and .
