Những tiến bộ gần đây trong saponin Được sử dụng trong thực phẩm, Nông nghiệp, và sức khỏe Sự biến động của các chất chuyển hóa thứ cấp được sản xuất bởi các nhà máy là rất lớn và khác rất nhiều với các giai đoạn của tăng trưởng và phát triển. | 21_ Recent Advances in Saponins Used in Foods Agriculture and Medicine George R. Waller CONTENTS Introduction Reduction of Alcoholism Allelopathy Growth Promotion Growth Inhibiting Cancer Chemoprevention by Saponins from Ginseng Molluscicidal and Antifungal Saponins Spermicidal Activity Studies on QS-21 A Unique Immunological Adjuvant from Quillaja saponaria Cholestane Glycosides from Ornithogalum saudersiae and their Potent Cytotoxic Activity on Various Malignant Tumor Cells Saponins Effect on Glucose Transport System Diabetes Cardiotonic Drugs Foods and Nutrition Hypercholesterolemia Alfalfa Saponins Other Saponin Sources Cooked Chickpeas and Lentils Agriculture Usage of Saponins References ABSTRACT The variation of secondary metabolites produced by plants is enormous and differs greatly with the stages of growth and development. Saponins are being carefully examined because of their biological effects on humans plants and animals. Saponins are localized in plant organelles that have a high turnover rate which implies that they are metabolically active as well as sequestered from the remaining parts of the cell. The biological activity is found in agriculture forestry natural and developed ecological systems and may provide in part an explanation of the reason for plant survival in a hostile world. The advantage of saponins to the plant producing them is that they may function as protecting agents growth regulators and allelochemicals. Some saponins have cardiac activity hemolytic activity activity as fish poisons cholesterol-reducing ability bitterness activity as sweeteners cosmetics herbs nonalcoholic beverages and growth-regulating effects on 1999 by CRC Press LLC crops. Chemical identification using NMR and mass spectrometry as well as a brief description of the types of saponins is described. Their use
