Các vấn đề kinh tế sử dụng thuốc trừ sâu nông nghiệp và Chính sách ở Hoa Kỳ Việc sử dụng phát triển và ngày càng tăng của các loại thuốc trừ sâu hữu cơ tổng hợp có được một phần của một cuộc cách mạng công nghệ trong nông nghiệp Mỹ tăng năng suất bằng 2,5 lần từ năm 1948 và 1994 [1]. Sử dụng thuốc trừ sâu hữu cơ tổng hợp đã tăng đáng kể từ cuối những năm 1940 đầu những năm 1980 trước khi ổn định và tăng với tốc độ chậm hơn nhiều thông qua những. | 3 Economic Issues of Agricultural Pesticide Use and Policy in the United States Craig D. Osteen and Merritt Padgitt Economic Research Service . Department of Agriculture Washington . . 1 INTRODUCTION The development and growing use of synthetic organic pesticides have been an integral part of a technological revolution in . agriculture that increased productivity by between 1948 and 1994 1 . Synthetic organic pesticide use grew dramatically from the late 1940s to the early 1980s before stabilizing and increased at a much slower rate through the Major factors affecting the trend since 1980 have been the development and use of new pesticides with reduced application rates and of genetically modified crops that reduce or modify the use of conventional pesticides. Growth in pesticide use has created many controversies about potential effects of pesticide use on food safety water quality worker safety wildlife The authors are agricultural economists with the Resource Economics Division Economic Research Service . Department of Agriculture. The views presented are those of the authors and do not represent the official views of any agency or organization. t The discussion of pesticide use trends is based on data collected through 1997 which were available when this chapter was written. mortality and pest control. These controversies reflect two major themes that have influenced the evolution of pesticide and pest management policy 2 3 1. Increasing pesticide use may be counterproductive for pest control resulting in higher pest damages or control costs. 2. Undesirable health or environmental effects of the use of some pesticides may outweigh production benefits. Increased public concern about the dietary risks of pesticides during the 1980s and 1990s led to a major change in pesticide law. New public concerns about the potential effects of genetically modified crops on pest control human health and the environment are emerging. The .
