Các trang thiết bị bơm và vật phụ cần thiết ở bất cứ nơi nào lực hấp dẫn không thể được sử dụng để cung cấp nước hệ thống phân phối dưới áp lực đủ để đáp ứng mọi nhu cầu dịch vụ. Máy bơm sử dụng để nâng hoặc nâng cao lý nước thải từ một độ cao thấp hơn chiều cao đầy đủ mà tại đó nó có thể chảy trọng lực, khắc phục đầu thủy tĩnh. Một cơ sở xử lý nước thải có nhiều ứng dụng bơm, bao gồm bơm nước thải thô hoặc xử lý (1), (2) mỡ sạn,. | Part II Applied Math Concepts Water Treatment 2004 by CRC Press LLC 14 Pumping Calculations TOPICS Pumping Basic Water Hydraulics Calculations Weight of Water Weight of Water Related to the Weight of Air Water at Rest Gauge Pressure Water in Motion Pipe Friction Basic Pumping Calculations Pumping Rates Calculating Head Loss Calculating Horsepower and Efficiency Specific Speed Positive Displacement Pumps Volume of Biosolids Pumped Capacity PUMPING Pumping facilities and appurtenances are required wherever gravity cannot be used to supply water to the distribution system under sufficient pressure to meet all service demands. Pumps are used to lift or elevate wastewater from a lower elevation to an adequate height at which it can flow by gravity or overcome hydrostatic head. A wastewater treatment facility has many pumping applications including pumping of 1 raw or treated wastewater 2 grit 3 grease and floating solids 4 dilute or well-thickened raw biosolids or digested biosolids biosolids or supernatant return and 5 dispensing of chemical solutions. Pumps and lift stations are used extensively in the collection system. Each of the various pumping applications is unique and requires specific design and pump selection considerations. With few exceptions the pumps used in water and wastewater treatment are the same. Because the pump is so perfectly suited to the tasks it performs and because the principles that make the pump work are physically fundamental the idea that any new device would ever replace the pump is difficult to imagine. The pump is the workhorse of water wastewater operations. Simply pumps use energy to keep water and wastewater moving. To operate a pump efficiently the operator and or maintenance operator must be familiar with several basic principles of hydraulics. In addition to operate various unit processes in both water and wastewater operations at optimum levels operators should know how to perform basic pumping calculations. BASIC WATER .
