Chất lượng đất hữu cơ để sử dụng nông nghiệp của các vùng đất than bùn Cutover ở Nga Diện tích các vùng đất than bùn cutover ở Nga ước tính khoảng 2 triệu ha. Mục đích của chương này là trình bày các tiêu chuẩn chất lượng đất hữu cơ cho sản xuất nông nghiệp trên các vùng đất than bùn cutover ở Nga. | CHAPTER 9 Quality of Organic Soils for Agricultural Use of Cutover Peatlands in Russia Vera N. Kreshtapova Rudolf A. Krupnov and Olga N. Uspenskaya CONTENTS Abstract I. Introduction II. Materials and Methods A. Soil Analyses B. The Ozeretsko-Nikolskoe Cutover Peatland C. Statistical Analyses II. Results and Discussion A. Pedological Features of the Surveyed Cutover Peatlands B. Agricultural Capability of the Surveyed Cutover Peatlands C. Soil Potential of the Ozeretsko-Nikolskoe Type 3A Cutover Peatland in the Moscow Region D. Quality Indicators of Reclaimed Cutover Peatlands III. Conclusion References ABSTRACT The area of cutover peatlands in Russia is estimated at 2 million ha. The aim of this chapter is to present organic soil quality criteria for agricultural production on cutover peatlands in Russia. From the analyses of 10 000 soil profiles in European Russia the authors developed the following soil criteria with the ascending order of capability in parentheses 2003 by CRC Press LLC Thickness of the arable peat layer 15 cm to 30-40 cm Degree of peat decomposition 20 to 50 C N ratio 25 to 10-14 Ash content to kg kg-1 Bulk density to g cm-3 pHKCl to Cationic base saturation of the cation exchange capacity 20 to 60 Rock outcrops uneven thickness of the residual peat layers the presence of a gley layer below peat toxic compounds as well as abrupt temperature and moisture fluctuations during the growing season may reduce the quality of organic soils in reclaimed cutover peatlands. I. INTRODUCTION In a natural raised bog the actotelm living moss layer and the catotelm bulk of the peat deposit have functional roles in peat accumulation as well as water storage and transmission. No acrotelm is present during peat excavation and artificial drainage is required. In Russia commercial peatlands are segmented by main ditches that are 500 m apart. Perpendicular ditches which are 20 m apart on bogs and 40 m apart on fens divide the field into .
