Theo quy định tại mục , độc tính hóa học là chất hóa học của các chất độc hại, với sự nhấn mạnh vào sự tương tác của họ với các mô sinh học và hệ thống sống. Chương này mở rộng định nghĩa này để xác định tính chất hóa học độc tính chi tiết hơn. Chương trước của cuốn sách đã vạch ra nền tảng cần thiết cần thiết để hiểu hóa học độc hại. Để hiểu được chủ đề này, nó là cần thiết đầu tiên để có một đánh giá cao về bản chất hóa học. | Chapter 7 Toxicological Chemistry introduction As defined in Section toxicological chemistry is the chemistry of toxic substances with emphasis on their interactions with biologic tissue and living systems. This chapter expands on this definition to define toxicological chemistry in more detail. Earlier chapters of the book have outlined the essential background required to understand toxicological chemistry. In order to comprehend this topic it is first necessary to have an appreciation of the chemical nature of inorganic and organic chemicals the topic of Chapter 1. An understanding of biochemistry covered in Chapter 3 is required to comprehend the ways in which xenobiotic substances in the body undergo biochemical processes and in turn affect these processes. Additional perspective is provided by the discussion of metabolic processes in Chapter 4. The actual toxicities and biologically manifested effects of toxicants are covered in Chapter 6. Finally an understanding of the environmental biochemistry of toxicants requires an appreciation of environmental chemistry which is outlined in Chapter 2. Chemical Nature of Toxicants It is not possible to exactly define a set of chemical characteristics that make a chemical species toxic. This is because of the large variety of ways in which a substance can interact with substances tissues and organs to cause a toxic response. Because of subtle differences in their chemistry and biochemistry similar substances may vary enormously in the degrees to which they cause a toxic response. For example consider the toxic effects of carbon tetrachloride CCl4 and a chemically closely related chlorofluorocarbon dichlorodifluoromethane CCl2F2. Both of these compounds are completely halogenated derivatives of methane possessing very strong carbon-halogen bonds. As discussed in Section carbon tetrachloride is considered to be dangerous enough to have been banned from consumer products in 1970. It causes a large .
