Công nghệ cơ khí thường tạo ra các giả lập mô phỏng hoạt động của các đối tượng, như quy trình chế tạo thực tế theo trình tự tối ưu hóa sự thực hiện, hiệu quả kinh tế và chi phí năng lượng trước khi quyết định lựa chọn một thiết kế cụ thể. | Fastening and Joining Techniques and Hardware Fastening and Joining Techniques and Hardware 909 aluminum alloys and stainless steels. Figure shows the sizes and dimensions of standard clamp-collars and Fig. shows the data for the internally threaded clamp-collar series. Split-collars and threaded split-collars are also available and used widely in machine design. The data for these types of clamping collars are shown in Figs. and . Note Figures through were extracted from the Ruland catalog of collars and couplings Ruland Manufacturing Company Inc. Watertown MA 02172 . Machinery Bushings Shims and Arbor Spacers Machinery bushings Machinery bushings are a special form of flat washer commonly made of low-carbon mild steel. They are used as spacers between gears pulleys and sprockets and as filler spacers for parts mounted on shafts. These bushings are manufactured in the following gauges and diameters 18 gauge in 14 gauge in 10 gauge in 3 16 in in Inside diameters range from through in. Steel shims Steel shims are thin steel rings with a plain center hole that are used for building up gears and bearings and to provide proper clearance between mating parts. Figure lists the sizes and thicknesses normally available for steel shims. Steel arbor spacers Steel arbor spacers are thin steel rings with a keyway center hole that are used for accurately spacing milling cutters slitter knives and gang saws on keyway arbors. Steel shims and steel arbor spacers are made of AISI 1010 fully hardened cold-rolled low-carbon steel. Figure also lists the sizes and thicknesses of steel arbor spacers. Downloaded from Digital Engineering Library @ McGraw-Hill Copyright 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Any use is subject to the Terms of Use as given at the website. Fastening and Joining Techniques and Hardware 910 Chapter .
