Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: A systematic review and meta-analysis of neurological soft signs in relatives of people with schizophrenia | Neelam et al. BMC Psychiatry 2011 11 139 http 1471-244X 11 139 BMC Psychiatry RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A systematic review and meta-analysis of neurological soft signs in relatives of people with schizophrenia Kishen Neelam1 2 3 Deepak Garg4 and Max Marshall1 3 Abstract Background Neurological soft signs are subtle but observable impairments in motor and sensory functions that are not localized to a specific area of the brain. Neurological soft signs are common in schizophrenia. It has been established that soft signs meet two of five criteria for an endophenotype namely association with the illness and state independence. This review investigated whether soft signs met a further criterion for an endophenotype namely familial association. It was hypothesized that if familial association were present then neurological soft signs would be a more common in first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia than in controls and b more common in people with schizophrenia than in their first-degree relatives. Method A systematic search identified potentially eligible studies in the EMBASE 1980-2011 OVID - MEDLINE 1950-2011 and PsycINFO 1806-2011 databases. Studies were included if they carried out a three-way comparison of levels of soft signs between people with schizophrenia their first-degree relatives and normal controls. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers and cross-checked by double entry. Results After screening 8678 abstracts seven studies with 1553 participants were identified. Neurological soft signs were significantly more common in first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia than in controls pooled standardised mean difference SMD 95 confidence interval . Neurological soft signs were also significantly more common in people with schizophrenia than in their first-degree relatives SMD 95 . Sensitivity analyses examining the effects of age and group blinding did not .
