Streuobst hạn Đức là viết tắt của tiêu chuẩn cây ăn quả phân tán (gestreut ") trong các vùng đất nông nghiệp mở. "Arboles en diseminado" (tiếng Tây Ban Nha), "trái cây cỏ cây" (tiếng Anh), và "vergers áp lực" (Pháp) về cơ bản chỉ định cùng một hệ thống sản xuất trái cây truyền thống, nhưng được giới hạn cây ăn quả trên đồng cỏ. Tuy nhiên, tiêu chuẩn cây ăn quả cũng có thể được underplanted với các cây trồng canh tác. Các loại cây ăn quả phổ biến nhất ở Đức và Thụy Sĩ là táo (Malus. | 7 Communities of Interest and Agroecosystem Restoration Streuobst in Europe Felix Herzog and Anja Oetmann CONTENTS Introduction History of Streuobst Streuobst and Nature Protection Ecologic Functions Streuobst and Society Sociocultural Functions Profitability of Streuobst Economic Functions Nongovernmental Organizations and Farmers for the Protection and Use of Streuobst A Success Story of Cooperation Synthesis and Outlook References INTRODUCTION The German term streuobst stands for standard fruit trees scattered gestreut in the open agricultural landscape. Arboles en diseminado Spanish fruit tree meadows English and près vergers French basically designate the same traditional fruit production system but are limited to fruit trees on grassland. However standard fruit trees can also be underplanted with arable crops. The most common fruit tree types in Germany and Switzerland are apple Malus domestica Borkh. pear Pyrus communis L. plum Prunus domestica L. mazard Prunus avium L. and sour cherry Prunus cerasus L. . Tree densities vary from 20 to 100 or more per hectare. The trees logs measure to m or more but half-standard trees occur as well to m Fruit production is the primary objective of streuobst. Still it is an agroforestry system which combines multipurpose trees fruit wood various services with undercropping or livestock raising Figure Herzog 1998 . Intensively managed orchards on the other hand consist of dwarf trees pyramids spindle bushes and trellis managed solely for fruit production. They are not considered a form of streuobst nor are fruit trees in homegardens. 2001 by CRC Press LLC FIGURE Streuobst on grassland near Leipzig in Saxony Germany. Streuobst is a particularly interesting example for the study of interactions between a community of place and various communities of interest. In contrast to other agroecosystems such as the major annual crops for which there is comparatively little interest from the population in .
