Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Social-structural contexts of needle and syringe sharing behaviours of HIV-positive injecting drug users in Manipur, India: a mixed methods investigation | Chakrapani et al. Harm Reduction Journal 2011 8 9 http content 8 1 9 HARM REDUCTION JOURNAL RESEARCH Open Access Social-structural contexts of needle and syringe sharing behaviours of HIV-positive injecting drug users in Manipur India a mixed methods investigation Venkatesan Chakrapani1 Peter A Newman2 Murali Shunmugam1 and Robert Dubrow3 Abstract Background Few investigations have assessed risk behaviours and social-structural contexts of risk among injecting drug users IDUs in Northeast India where injecting drug use is the major route of HIV transmission. Investigations of risk environments are needed to inform development of effective risk reduction interventions. Methods This mixed methods study of HIV-positive IDUs in Manipur included a structured survey n 75 two focus groups n 17 seven in-depth interviews and two key informant interviews. Results One-third of survey participants reported having shared a needle syringe in the past 30 days among these all the men and about one-third of the women did so with persons of unknown HIV serostatus. A variety of social-structural contextual factors influenced individual risk behaviours barriers to carrying sterile needles syringes due to fear of harassment by police and anti-drug organizations lack of sterile needles syringes in drug dealers locales limited access to pharmacy-sold needles syringes inadequate coverage by needle and syringe programmes NSPs non-availability of sterile needles syringes in prisons and withdrawal symptoms superseding concern for health. Some HIV-positive IDUs who shared needles syringes reported adopting risk reduction strategies being the last receiver of needles syringes and not a giver sharing only with other IDUs they knew to be HIV-positive and when a giver asking other IDUs to wash used needles syringes with bleach before using. Conclusions Effective HIV prevention and care programmes for IDUs in Northeast India may hinge on several enabling contexts .
