Tham khảo tài liệu 'structure steel design's handbook 2009 part 5', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | SECTION 3 GENERAL STRUCTURAL THEORY Ronald D. Ziemian . Associate Professor of Civil Engineering Bucknell University Lewisburg Pennsylvania Safety and serviceability constitute the two primary requirements in structural design. For a structure to be safe it must have adequate strength and ductility when resisting occasional extreme loads. To ensure that a structure will perform satisfactorily at working loads functional or serviceability requirements also must be met. An accurate prediction of the behavior of a structure subjected to these loads is indispensable in designing new structures and evaluating existing ones. The behavior of a structure is defined by the displacements and forces produced within the structure as a result of external influences. In general structural theory consists of the essential concepts and methods for determining these effects. The process of determining them is known as structural analysis. If the assumptions inherent in the applied structural theory are in close agreement with actual conditions such an analysis can often produce results that are in reasonable agreement with performance in service. FUNDAMENTALS OF STRUCTURAL THEORY Structural theory is based primarily on the following set of laws and properties. These principles often provide sufficient relations for analysis of structures. Laws of mechanics. These consist of the rules for static equilibrium and dynamic behavior. Properties of materials. The material used in a structure has a significant influence on its behavior. Strength and stiffness are two important material properties. These properties are obtained from experimental tests and may be used in the analysis either directly or in an idealized form. Laws of deformation. These require that structure geometry and any incurred deformation be compatible . the deformations of structural components are in agreement such that all components fit together to define the deformed state of the entire
