Tiếp xúc với khoa học khác nhau từ phương pháp tiếp cận quá khứ trong các ngành khoa học môi trường, bởi vì, thay vì bắt đầu với giả định của một nguồn ô nhiễm và sau đó cố gắng để tìm ra người hoặc những gì có thể bị ảnh hưởng, tiếp xúc với khoa học làm việc từ cả hai hướng - không chỉ từ nguồn mà còn lạc hậu từ các thụ thể. Trong quá khứ, các nhà phân tích chính sách môi trường đã giả định một số nguồn rõ ràng, chẳng hạn như một ống khói hoặc trống một. | Part I Exposure Concepts 2007 by Taylor Francis Group LLC 1 Exposure Analysis A Receptor-Oriented Science Wayne R. Ott Stanford University CONTENTS Full Risk Total Human Exposure Indirect Receptor-Oriented Indoor Air Activities That Increase p-DCB in Residential Source Apportionment of Public Exposurist as a Questions for Review .28 References .28 SYNOPSIS Exposure science differs from past approaches in the environmental sciences because instead of beginning with an assumed source of pollution and then trying to find out who or what may be affected exposure science works from both directions not just from the source but also backward from the receptor. In the past environmental policy analysts have assumed some obvious source such as a smokestack or a leaky drum may be important and then tried to trace where the pollutant goes often losing its complicated trail long before the much-diluted pollutant ever reaches any real people plants or animals. By following this older source-oriented approach it has been difficult to show in epidemiological studies that traditional sources actually affect anyone s health or that these assumed sources cause adverse exposure of humans to harmful concentrations. Exposure science on the other hand begins with the target itself measuring the pollutant concentrations that actually reach people by using for example personal monitors worn by individuals. Then the analyst works backward from the personal exposure to find the actual source. By following this receptor-oriented approach and measuring pollutant concentrations at the contact boundary of the person new sources have been discovered and some sources originally thought to be important were found to make negligible contributions to exposure. Using .
